2022《跨文化交际》考试题

Body language can sometimes lead to () since people of different cultures often have different forms of behavior. for sending the same message or have different interpretations of the same signal.

A、effectiveness

B、misunderstanding

C、agreement

D、communication

参考答案：B

Why does it take long for people to change their food?

A． Because labs are not easily accessible to researchers.

B． Because some people are reluctant to accept the new diet.

C． Because food consumption is a culture of conservation.

D． Because some scientists are against the growing lab meat.

正确答案：C
细节推理题。由文章最后一段中的最后两句话“But food consumption is a conservative culture phenomenon．It cad take several generations to change．”内容可以得出结论，作者认为食品消费一直以来都是一种保守的文化现象，因此正确答案是C。
参考译文：
新型的健康肉制品将不再是诸如猪肉或是自然饲养的牛肉了。如果那些有远见的科学家成功了的话．将来的肉制品无论从口感还是外观上看都与以前的没有什么,区别，唯一不同的只是它们是在实验室里制成的。
一些专家正在从事这样一项工作：他们把含有动物肌肉细胞的肉养在盘子里。而现在的技术离这些肉上市还有很长一段路要走。但是专家坚信这将是产生一种新型美国饮食的有效方法，这样的肉对人体也会更健康。此外，这种在实验室里研制出来的肉制品意味着专家们可以对肉的脂肪、蛋白质和其他一些指标进行控制，从而生产出污染少的肉制品。那么或许到那时麦当劳的早餐肉就能使人们远离而不是让人患上心脏疾病。
然而，仍有一些科学家对此产生了质疑。他们说：“无论从技术还是经济上来说，这都不实际。”毕竟，肉制品不是简单的肌肉细胞组合，而是一种由脂肪、神经、血管和相关组织结合在一起的复杂结合体。每种细胞在其成品的口感上都起着一定的作用。这种结构的模仿对产品具有良好的口感是必需的。事实上，在实验室里研制肉制品并不是一种新的观点。早在1912年，一位法国科学家就做过这样一个试验：他将鸡心上的组织养在有营养旁的玻璃瓶里。这些肌肉组织存活了30多年——竟然比这位科学家活的时间还长!至于成本，专家们正试图将其降低。因为现在这种实验室肉制品一磅大约要花费1000至5000美元。就目前的消费水平来说，人们根本无法接受。
在这个禽流感、疯牛病不断出现，人口密度不断加大，探测火星的壮志不断升华的时代，实验室肉制品必将会走向市场。但是食品消费一直以来都是一种保守的文化现象，对这一趋势的适应还需要很长的时间。

American cities are similar to other cities around the world; In every country. Cities reflect the values of the culture. American cities are changing， just as American society is changing.

After Wolld Wa Ⅱ,the population of most large American cities decreased; bowever. The populaton In omthe Sun Belt cities increased. Los Angeles and Houston are eitit where populatfon shife（转移）to and from the oity reflect the changing values of Amorican society. In the late 1940s and early 1950s,city residents（居民）became wealthier. They had more children so they needed more space, They moved out of their apartments in the city to buy their own homes. They bought houses in the suburbs（郊区）.

Now things are changing. The children of the people who left the cities in the 1950s are now adults. Many, unlike their parents, want to live in the cities. They continue to move to Sun Belt cities and older ones of the Northeast and Midwest. Many young professionals are moving back into city. They prefer the city to the burbs because their jobs are there; or they jus enjoy the excitement and possibii that the city offers.

his people shift is bringing problems as well as benefits. Countless poot people must leave their apartments in the city because the owners want to sell the buildings or make apartments for sale instead of for rent. In the 1950s, many poor people did not have enough money to move to the suburbs; now many of these same people do not have enough money to stay in the cities.

Only a few years ago, people though that the older American cities were dying. Some city residents now see a bright, new fiture, Others see only problems and comfiels the thing is sure many dying cities are alive again.

64. What does the author think of cities all over the world?

A. They are alive.

B. They are hopeless.

C. They are similar.

D. They are different.

正确答案：C

（）30． Many families were affected because of ________ ．

A． the heavy rain on Monday

B． the broken banks of the river

C． the floods across Mexico

D． the death of 132 people

正确答案：B
30.B【解析】从News 3可知。

Millions of people in many countries are moving to cities because they need to find work.()

参考答案：正确

verbal communication communication done both orally and in written languageEasier to use words to represent ones experiences within the same culture because people share many similar experiences.More troublesome in verbal communication across cultures because peoples experiences, beliefs, values, customs, traditions and the like are different.

Non-verbal communicationIt refers to communication through a whole variety of different types of signal come into play, including the way we move, the gestures we employ, the posture we adopt, the facial expression we wear, the direction of our gaze, to the extent to which we touch and the distance we stand from each other.

culture shock It is a psychological phenomenon that is experienced most often by those who, whether voluntarily or involuntarily, in the process of adjusting themselves to a new culture.II.

Answer the following questions(简答题)Whats the relationship between language and culture ？Language is a reflection of culture, and culture is a reflection of language.Culture influences language by way of symbols and rules for using those symbols, as well as our perceptions of the universe (the meaning associated with the symbols).Language, on the other hand, would seem to have a major impact on the way an individual perceives and conceptualizes the world.

Describe the different ways in showing hospitality between Chinese culture and western culture Chinese guests always refuse offer of drinks or food to demonstrate politeness in seeming not to wish to put their host to any trouble. Sometimes an offer is not a real offer but a polite remark. After we say no, we usually wait for the second and third offer. If the host just brings the food or drink and ignores no, we ill accept it. Chinese like to press their guests to drink or eat to show their hospitality. While westerners always accept or refuse offer of drinks or food very genuinely. Their refusal is accepted as genuine. Westerners dont press. To press people to have food or drink after they have refused is frowned upon and can cause embarrassments

What are the differences on receiving gifts between Chinese and westerner? In the West, it is regarded as polite to open gifts as soon as they are given to express appreciation. In China, the situation is quite the reverse. Normally we Chinese feel that if you open the gift as soon as it is given, you might embarrass the person who gives the gift and you might be thought greedy. Therefore, Chinese people tend to open the gifts after the visitors have left. In China, many people send gifts with、out wrapping them, and if they wrap them, they usually tell the receiver what is inside, and the receiver will thank the sender and put the gift aside without unwrapping them since they already know what is inside. English receivers open the gifts in front of the senders of the gifts.

Explain the 、term “intercultural communication competence and its three components. The intercultural competence refers to the ability to understand and adapt the target culture. Intercultural communicative competence involves cognitive, affective and operational aspects, which are inseparable in reality.

Because language is basically culture specific, () implicature of the same expression may vary under different cultural background.

A、conventional

B、conversational

C、conventional and conversational

D、all the above

参考答案：A

Body language can sometimes lead to _______ since people of different cultures often have different forms of behavior. for sending the same message or have differentinterpretations of the same signal.

A.misunderstanding

B.effectiveness

C.agreement

D.communication

正确答案：A
解析：本句参考译文：身体语言(或称“体态语”)有时可能会引起误解，因为来自不同文化的人们传送信息的行为方式有所不同或者会对相同的交际信号做出不同的理解。【知识点来源：Unit 2】本题考查身体语言的概念。四个选项的译文分别是：effectiveness(有效性);communication(交际);agreement(同意) ;misunderstanding(误解)。

When contradicting the verbal messages, nonverbal messages tend to be morebelievable, because many of our nonverbal actions take place on a subconscious level.()

此题为判断题(对，错)。

正确答案：True
解析：本句参考译文：当非言语信息与言语信息不一致时，人们往往宁愿依赖非言语信息来理解对方的交际意图，这是因为人们的很多非言语行为是在潜意识中表现出来的。【知识点来源：Unit 2】陈述正确。

The international flavor of many people’s jobs naturally means that there is greater interaction(交往)between people from different cultures. Within the business environment, understanding and coping with intercultural differences between people is critical(重要的)to ensuring(保证)that interpersonal communication is successful.

Intercultural awareness(跨文化意识)is necessary for two reasons. Firstly, it minimizes(减少)the possibility of misunderstandings (误解)and/or causing offense (冒犯)through intercultural mishaps(意外). Secondly, it is a means to maximizing (使……最大化)the potential of business relationships through the utilization(利用)of intercultural differences productively.

One area within the business environment in which intercultural awareness is a necessity is in business presentation. Directors(主管), managers, salespeople, consultants (顾问)and business personnel are regularly required to deliver presentations. However, when one is asked to give a presentation to an audience from a different culture there are intercultural factors that can hinder(阻碍)the success of a presentation.

1. What is very important in interpersonal communication according to the text?()

A.Understanding and coping with intercultural differences between people.

B.Greater interaction between people from different cultures.

C.Offense through intercultural mishaps.

D.Misunderstanding through intercultural mishaps.

2.What can we infer(推理)from the text about intercultural communication?()

A.There are many differences among people from different cultures.

B.Misunderstandings seldom occur(发生)in intercultural communication.

C.Intercultural mishaps do not exist within the business environment.

D.Business presentation is an easy job in intercultural communication.

3.How can intercultural awareness help in strengthening business relationship?()

A.It minimizes the possibility of misunderstandings in intercultural communication.

B.It can help people find the intercultural factors that can hinder the success of a business presentation.

C.It can help people use intercultural differences productively.

D.All of the above.

4.What does intercultural awareness mean?()

A.Intercultural differences in intercultural communication.

B.Understanding and coping with intercultural differences between people.

C.Giving a business presentation.

D.Misunderstandings through intercultural mishaps.

5.If this text goes on, what do you think the author is going to talk about next?()

A.The intercultural factors that can hinder the success of a business presentation.

B.Misunderstandings in intercultural communication.

C.Intercultural mishaps.

D.How to use intercultural differences productively.

正确答案：1.A2.A3.D4.B5.A

Verbal skills in another culture can generally be mastered if one studies hard enough,but nonverbal skills are much more difficult to learn. Nonverbal behavior. includes areas such as eye contact, facial expressions, postures, gestures, and the use of time, space,and territory. The messages sent by body language and the way we arrange time and space have always been open to interpretation. Does a raised eyebrow mean that your boss doubts your statement or just that she is seriously considering it? Does a closed door to an office mean that your coworker is angry or just that he is working on a project that requires concentration? Deciphering nonverbal communication is difficult for people who are culturally similar, and it is even more troublesome when cultures differ.

In Western cultures, for example, people perceive silence as negative. It suggests rejection, unhappiness, facial expression, regret, embarrassment, or ignorance.

However, the Japanese admire silence and consider it a key to success. A Japanese proverb says, “Those who know do not speak; those who speak do not know.”

Over 60 percent of Japanese businesswomen said that they would prefer to marry silent men. Silence is equated with wisdom.

1. According to this passage, what does nonverbal communication include?()

A.The use of time

B.Facial expressions

C.Gestures

D.All of the above

2. What does a raised eyebrow mean?()

A.Your boss doubts your statement.

B.Your boss is seriously considering your statement.

C.Your boss is unhappy with your statement.

D.The message sent by the raised eyebrow may be interpreted differently by people of another culture.

3. What is the main idea of Paragraph One?()

A.Verbal communication is important.

B.Nonverbal skills are more difficult to learn amongdifferent cultures.

C.Nonverbal communication is easy to learn.

D.Verbal skills are easy to be mastered.

4. How do western people view silence?()

A.It is positive.

B.It is approved.

C.It suggests unhappiness.

D.It suggests agreement.

5. “Those who know do not speak; those who speak do not know.”What does this Japanese proverb imply?()

A.It is negative.

B.It suggests embarrassment.

C.It suggests unhappiness.

D.It is equated with wisdom.

正确答案：1.D2.D3.B4.C5.D

更多 “2022《跨文化交际》考试题” 相关考题

Social change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of different kinds of people than in societies where people are similar in many ways. The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of looking at things present in the first kind of society. There are more ideas, more disagreements in interest, and more groups and organizations with different beliefs. In addition, there is usually a greater worldly interest and greater tolerance in mixed societies. All these factors tend to protnote social change by opening more areas of life to decision.
In a society where people are quite similar in many ways, there are fewer occasions for people to see the need or the opportunity for change because everything seems to be the same. And although conditions may not be satisfactory, they are at least customary and undisputed.
Within a society, social changes is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in the material aspects of the culture than in the non-material, for example, in technology rather than in values; in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early; in the less basic and less emotional aspects of society than in their opposites; in the simple elements rather than in the complex ones; in form rather than in substance; and in elements that are acceptable to the culture rather than in strange elements.
Furthermore, social change is easier if it is gradual. For example, it comes more readily in human relations on a continuous scale rather than one with sharp difference. This is one reason why change has not come more quickly to Black Americans as compared to other American minorities,because of the sharp difference in appearance between them and their white counterparts.
According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?

A.Social change tends to meet with more difficulty in basic and emotional aspects of society.
B.Disagreement with and argument about conditions tend to slow down social change.
C.Social change is more likely to occur in the material aspect of society.
D.Social change is less likely to occur in what people learned when they were young.

答案：B

解析：

根据第二段“social changes is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in the material aspects…in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early…in the less basic and less emotional aspects of society than in their opposites”可知A、C、D项都正确，而由第一段最后一句可知，不同的观点以及对现状不满可以加速社会变革，因此B项错误。

共用题干
第一篇

Nonverbal（不用语言的）elements form a major part of any communication interchange. Som( people would say it's the most important part. According to one study,words convey only 7 percen of a person's message.Intonation and voice quality communicate 38 percent,and nonverbal cue, transmit a whopping 55 percent. That means people pick up more from nonverbal communicatior than from the words a person says.When studying about a foreign culture,then,it just makes sense to pay attention to how people use nonverbal cues.
Gestures comprise a major form of nonverbal communication. In contrast to sign language,usec by deaf people to communicate elaborate messages,gestures function as visual icons which represeni a single idea. But often these gestures are embarrassingly culture bound.For example,when the Maoris of New Zealand stick out their tongue at someone,it is a sign of respect. When American schoolchildren make the same gesture,it means just the opposite.Also,Americans often indicate "OK"with their thumb and forefinger touching to form a circle.The same gesture means"money" to the Japanese,"zero"to the French and a vulgarity to Brazilians.For that reason,people in a foreign culture must use gestures with caution.
Another cultural aspect of nonverbal communication is one that you might not think about: space.Every person perceives himself to have a sort of invisible shield surrounding his physical body.When someone comes too close,he feels uncomfortable.When he bumps into someone,he feels obligated to apologize.But the size of a person's"comfort zone"varies,depending on his cultural or ethnic origin.For example,in causal conversation,many Americans stand about four feet apart. In other words,they like to keep each other"at arm's length".People in Latin or Arab cultures,in contrast,stand very close to each other,and touch each other often.If someone from one of those cultures stands too close to an American while in conversation,the American may feel uncomfortable and back away.

People in a foreign culture must use gestures_________.
A:cautiously
B:with great care
C:with warnings
D:Both A and B are correct

答案：D

解析：

推断题。根据第一句中出现nonverbal language这个词时所给的中文释义，以及接下来第三和第四句中讲到不同形式的交流在人与人沟通中所占比例可以知道本题选A。在第二段和第三段分别列举了两种非语言交流：gesture and space，进一步可以推断出本题答案为A“非语言交流是不涉及语言使用的交流”。
细节题。根据第二段倒数第二和第三句可知，倒数第二句中The same gesture即指的是form a circle by touching the thumb and forefinger，其中提到对于Brazilians来说这意味着vulgarity，因此C选项为本题答案，其他选项A、B和D都可以从文中找到依据。
推断题。根据第二段第一句可知非语言交流中非常重要的一种就是gesture。根据第三句：But often these gestures are embarrassingly culture bound．以及所列举的例子可知：在不同文化中，同样的gesture的含义有时是完全不同的。由此推断出我们身处异国文化时使用gesture一定要谨慎小心为好。因此本题选D。
词义推断题。文章第一段主要讲述nonverbal communication在交流中的重要性，结尾处水到渠成得出结论：既然非言语交流比言语交流还重要，那么自然我们要多加注意这些非言语交流中传达出的信息了。make sense“有道理，合理”。
主旨题。本文主要介绍了非言语交流的重要性以及常见的一些nonverbal cues如gesture和physical space。因此选B。

单选题

There are not stereotyped businessmen because______.

they represent a cross section of society

they are not ordinary people

they are people with strong personal characters

there is considerable mobility in the vocation

正确答案： A

解析：
细节题。原文第二段提到“Business is made up of people with all kinds of backgrounds, all kinds of motivations, and all kinds of tastes, just as in any other form of human Endeavour”，A项“他们是社会中各个阶层的融合”与之表述一致，A项正确。

The systems of universities are very vulnerable because they are decentralized and accessible to many people.

正确答案：

Nonverbal communication is a form of communication_________.
A:that does not involve the use of language
B:that involves the use of language
C:that does not involve the use of verbs
D:that is understood by deaf people

答案：A

解析：

Social change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of different kinds of people than in societies where people are similar in many ways. The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of looking at things present in the first kind of society. There are more ideas, more disagreements in interest, and more groups and organizations with different beliefs. In addition, there is usually a greater worldly interest and greater tolerance in mixed societies. All these factors tend to protnote social change by opening more areas of life to decision.
In a society where people are quite similar in many ways, there are fewer occasions for people to see the need or the opportunity for change because everything seems to be the same. And although conditions may not be satisfactory, they are at least customary and undisputed.
Within a society, social changes is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in the material aspects of the culture than in the non-material, for example, in technology rather than in values; in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early; in the less basic and less emotional aspects of society than in their opposites; in the simple elements rather than in the complex ones; in form rather than in substance; and in elements that are acceptable to the culture rather than in strange elements.
Furthermore, social change is easier if it is gradual. For example, it comes more readily in human relations on a continuous scale rather than one with sharp difference. This is one reason why change has not come more quickly to Black Americans as compared to other American minorities,because of the sharp difference in appearance between them and their white counterparts.
?The expression "greater tolerance" (Para. 1) refers to__________.

A.greater willingness to accept social change
B.quicker adaptation to changing circumstances
C.more respect for different beliefs and behavior
D.greater readiness to agree to different opinions and ideas

答案：C

解析：

由第一段以及常识可知，社会容忍度指的是对不同观点、信仰、行为等的尊重。

Social change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of different kinds of people than in societies where people are similar in many ways. The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of looking at things present in the first kind of society. There are more ideas, more disagreements in interest, and more groups and organizations with different beliefs. In addition, there is usually a greater worldly interest and greater tolerance in mixed societies. All these factors tend to protnote social change by opening more areas of life to decision.
In a society where people are quite similar in many ways, there are fewer occasions for people to see the need or the opportunity for change because everything seems to be the same. And although conditions may not be satisfactory, they are at least customary and undisputed.
Within a society, social changes is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in the material aspects of the culture than in the non-material, for example, in technology rather than in values; in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early; in the less basic and less emotional aspects of society than in their opposites; in the simple elements rather than in the complex ones; in form rather than in substance; and in elements that are acceptable to the culture rather than in strange elements.
Furthermore, social change is easier if it is gradual. For example, it comes more readily in human relations on a continuous scale rather than one with sharp difference. This is one reason why change has not come more quickly to Black Americans as compared to other American minorities,because of the sharp difference in appearance between them and their white counterparts.
?Social change is less likely to occur in a society where people are quite similar in many ways because__________.

A.people there have got so accustomed to their conditions that they seldom think it necessary to change
B.people there have identical needs that can be satisfied without much difficulty
C.people there are easy to please
D.people there are less disputed

答案：A

解析：

由第一段最后一句“although conditions may not be satisfactory，they are at least customary and undisputed”可知答案为A，此选项是对原文的同义转述。

Why do German and French babies produce different types of cries according to the research?

A.Because they can control what they hear.
B.Because they can control their different breathing patterns
C.Because they don't share the same physiological structure
D.Because they can somehow control their sound production.

答案：D

解析：

推断题。根据原文第三段提到的“This study refutes that claim: since babies cry in different languages，they must have some control…showing that the sound of their cries isunder their control.”可知，法国婴儿与德国婴儿虽然具有相同的生理结构，但他们可以发出不同类型的哭声，这是因为他们可以控制自己的发声。故本题选D。

Social change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of different kinds of people than in societies where people are similar in many ways． The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of looking at things present in the first kind of society． There are more ideas,more disagreements in interest,and more groups and organizations with different beliefs． In addition, there is usually a greater worldly interest and greater tolerance in mixed societies． All these factors tend to promote social change by opening more areas of life to decision． In a society where people are quite similar in many ways, there are fewer occasions for people to see the need or the opportunity for change because everything seetns to be the same． And although conditions may not be satisfactory, they are at least customary and undisputed．
Within a society, social change is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in the material aspects of the culture than in the non-material, for example, in technology rather than in values; in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early; in the less basic mad less emotional aspects of society than in their opposites ; in the simple elements rather than in the complex ones; in form rather than in substance; and in elements that are acceptable to the culture rather than in strange elements．
Furthermore, social change is easier if it is gradual． For example, it comes more readily in human relations on a continuous scale rather than one with sharp difference． This is one reason why change has not come more quickly to Black Americans as compared to other American minorities, because of the sharp difference in appearance between them and their white counterparts．
Social change is less likely to occur in a society where people are quite similar in many ways because ____

A. people there have got so accustomed to their conditions that they seldom think it necessary to change
B. people there have identical needs that can be satisfied without much difficulty
C. people there are easy to please
D. oeople there are less disputed

答案：A

解析：

由第一段最后一句“although conditions may not be satisfactory，they are at least customary and undisputed”可知答案为A．此选项是对原文的同义转述。

Social change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of different kinds of people than in societies where people are similar in many ways． The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of looking at things present in the first kind of society． There are more ideas,more disagreements in interest,and more groups and organizations with different beliefs． In addition, there is usually a greater worldly interest and greater tolerance in mixed societies． All these factors tend to promote social change by opening more areas of life to decision． In a society where people are quite similar in many ways, there are fewer occasions for people to see the need or the opportunity for change because everything seetns to be the same． And although conditions may not be satisfactory, they are at least customary and undisputed．
Within a society, social change is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in the material aspects of the culture than in the non-material, for example, in technology rather than in values; in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early; in the less basic mad less emotional aspects of society than in their opposites ; in the simple elements rather than in the complex ones; in form rather than in substance; and in elements that are acceptable to the culture rather than in strange elements．
Furthermore, social change is easier if it is gradual． For example, it comes more readily in human relations on a continuous scale rather than one with sharp difference． This is one reason why change has not come more quickly to Black Americans as compared to other American minorities, because of the sharp difference in appearance between them and their white counterparts．
According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A. Social change tends to meet with more difficulty in basic and emotional aspects of society．

A. Social change tends to meet with more difficulty in basic and emotional aspects of society．
B. Disagreement with and argument about conditions tend to slow down social change．
C. Social change is more likely to occur in the material aspect of society．
D. Social change is less likely to occur in what people learned when they were young．

答案：B

解析：

根据第二段“social changes is also likely to occur more frequentry and more readily in the material aspects…in what has been leamed later in life rather than what was learned early．in the less basic and less emotional aspectsof societythanintheir opposites”可知A、C、D项都正确．而由第一段最后一句可知，不同的观点以及对现状不满可以加速社会变革．因此B项错误。

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