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共用题干 Promising Resnlts from Cancer StudyA new experimental vaccine（疫苗）has shown promising results in the fight against lung cancer.In a small Texas-based study,a vaccine developed by scientists at Baylor University Medical Centre in Dallas,USA,cured lung cancer in some patients and slowed the progress of the disease in others.Researchers have reported encouraging findings from this small study.Forty一three patients suffering from lung cancer were involved in these trials.Ten of these patients were in the early stages and thirty-three in tho advanced stages of the disease.They were injected with the vaccine every two weeks for three months,and were carefully monitored for three years.In three of the patients in the advanced stages of cancer,the disease disappeared and in the others,it did not spread for five to twenty-four months.However,no great difference was seen in the patients in the early stages of the illness.This new vaccine uses the patient's own immune system.It is made specifically for each patient and is injected into the arm or leg.It stimulates（刺激）the body's immune system, which then recognizes that the cancer cells are harmful,and attacks and destroys them.The vaccine could be effective against other forms of cancer.It offers great hope for the treatment of cancer in general,although further studies are needed before such treatment can be widely used.The vaccine may be useful for treating other cancers.A:RightB:WrongC:Not mentioned
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共用题干 Lung Cancer1 The death rate due to cancer of the lungs has increased more than 800 percent in males and has more than doubled in females during the last 25 years.It is considerably higher in urban and industrial areas than in rural districts.There are many possible causes,but it is still controversial which are most blameworthy.Those factors which have been mentioned most frequently are the presence of foreign particles and other irritants in the air(smoke particles,smog,exhaust fumes),and the smoking of cigarettes and cigars.2 Numerous studies have demonstrated a striking correlation between the death rate from lung cancer and smoking habits.Among heavy smokers-21 to 30 cigarettes per day-the mortality rate from lung cancer is nearly 17 times the rate from nonsmokers.It is expected the death rate among women will increase as the present high rate of smoking among women has its effect.3 Sometimes cases of lung cancer are discovered at the time an X-ray is taken for the purpose of detecting tuberculosis.Too often,however,a current emphasis upon the danger of exposure to radiation from x-ray machines can frighten people away from routine chest X-rays and thus prevent an early diagnosis of lung cancer.Early detection is absolutely essential if any possibility of cure is to be maintained.Modern X-ray machines in competent hands pose such slight danger,at least to those over 40 years of age,that this would be much more than offset by the advantages of discovering a tumor while it is small enough to be completely removed.4 A common form of lung cancer is bronchogenic carcinoma,so-called because the malignancy originates in a bronchus.The tumor may grow until the bronchus is blocked,cutting off the supply of air to that lung.The lung then collapses,and the secretions trapped in the lung spaces become infected,with a resulting pneumonia or the formation of a lung abscess.Such a lung cancer can also spread to cause secondary growths in the lymph nodes of the chest and neck as well as in the brain and other parts of the body.The only treatment that offers a possibility of cure,before secondary growths have had time to form,is to remove the lung completely.This operation is called pneumonectomy.5 Malignant tumors of the stomach,the breast,the prostate gland and other organs may spread to the lungs,causing secondary growths.Paragraph 3______A:Common Secondary Lung CancersB:The Advantages Brought About by Routine Chest CheckupC:Relationship Between Mortality Rate From Lung Cancer and Smoking HabitsD:Operable and Inoperable Lung CancersE:The Increasing Death Rate From Lung Cancer and Possible Causes F:An Ordinary Type of Lung Cancer
共用题干 Lung Cancer1 The death rate due to cancer of the lungs has increased more than 800 percent in males and has more than doubled in females during the last 25 years.It is considerably higher in urban and industrial areas than in rural districts.There are many possible causes,but it is still controversial which are most blameworthy.Those factors which have been mentioned most frequently are the presence of foreign particles and other irritants in the air(smoke particles,smog,exhaust fumes),and the smoking of cigarettes and cigars.2 Numerous studies have demonstrated a striking correlation between the death rate from lung cancer and smoking habits.Among heavy smokers-21 to 30 cigarettes per day-the mortality rate from lung cancer is nearly 17 times the rate from nonsmokers.It is expected the death rate among women will increase as the present high rate of smoking among women has its effect.3 Sometimes cases of lung cancer are discovered at the time an X-ray is taken for the purpose of detecting tuberculosis.Too often,however,a current emphasis upon the danger of exposure to radiation from x-ray machines can frighten people away from routine chest X-rays and thus prevent an early diagnosis of lung cancer.Early detection is absolutely essential if any possibility of cure is to be maintained.Modern X-ray machines in competent hands pose such slight danger,at least to those over 40 years of age,that this would be much more than offset by the advantages of discovering a tumor while it is small enough to be completely removed.4 A common form of lung cancer is bronchogenic carcinoma,so-called because the malignancy originates in a bronchus.The tumor may grow until the bronchus is blocked,cutting off the supply of air to that lung.The lung then collapses,and the secretions trapped in the lung spaces become infected,with a resulting pneumonia or the formation of a lung abscess.Such a lung cancer can also spread to cause secondary growths in the lymph nodes of the chest and neck as well as in the brain and other parts of the body.The only treatment that offers a possibility of cure,before secondary growths have had time to form,is to remove the lung completely.This operation is called pneumonectomy.5 Malignant tumors of the stomach,the breast,the prostate gland and other organs may spread to the lungs,causing secondary growths.Routine X-ray chest examination is not so dangerous______.A:before the cancer cells spread elsewhereB:the more chances of dying of X-ray radiation he will haveC:what is most responsible for lung cancerD:as some people imagineE:the more chances of getting lung cancer he will haveF:which form of lung cancer is a common one
共用题干 Promising Resnlts from Cancer StudyA new experimental vaccine（疫苗）has shown promising results in the fight against lung cancer.In a small Texas-based study,a vaccine developed by scientists at Baylor University Medical Centre in Dallas,USA,cured lung cancer in some patients and slowed the progress of the disease in others.Researchers have reported encouraging findings from this small study.Forty一three patients suffering from lung cancer were involved in these trials.Ten of these patients were in the early stages and thirty-three in tho advanced stages of the disease.They were injected with the vaccine every two weeks for three months,and were carefully monitored for three years.In three of the patients in the advanced stages of cancer,the disease disappeared and in the others,it did not spread for five to twenty-four months.However,no great difference was seen in the patients in the early stages of the illness.This new vaccine uses the patient's own immune system.It is made specifically for each patient and is injected into the arm or leg.It stimulates（刺激）the body's immune system, which then recognizes that the cancer cells are harmful,and attacks and destroys them.The vaccine could be effective against other forms of cancer.It offers great hope for the treatment of cancer in general,although further studies are needed before such treatment can be widely used.Over forty people participated in the study.A:RightB:WrongC:Not mentioned
共用题干 Lung Cancer1 The death rate due to cancer of the lungs has increased more than 800 percent in males and has more than doubled in females during the last 25 years.It is considerably higher in urban and industrial areas than in rural districts.There are many possible causes,but it is still controversial which are most blameworthy.Those factors which have been mentioned most frequently are the presence of foreign particles and other irritants in the air(smoke particles,smog,exhaust fumes),and the smoking of cigarettes and cigars.2 Numerous studies have demonstrated a striking correlation between the death rate from lung cancer and smoking habits.Among heavy smokers-21 to 30 cigarettes per day-the mortality rate from lung cancer is nearly 17 times the rate from nonsmokers.It is expected the death rate among women will increase as the present high rate of smoking among women has its effect.3 Sometimes cases of lung cancer are discovered at the time an X-ray is taken for the purpose of detecting tuberculosis.Too often,however,a current emphasis upon the danger of exposure to radiation from x-ray machines can frighten people away from routine chest X-rays and thus prevent an early diagnosis of lung cancer.Early detection is absolutely essential if any possibility of cure is to be maintained.Modern X-ray machines in competent hands pose such slight danger,at least to those over 40 years of age,that this would be much more than offset by the advantages of discovering a tumor while it is small enough to be completely removed.4 A common form of lung cancer is bronchogenic carcinoma,so-called because the malignancy originates in a bronchus.The tumor may grow until the bronchus is blocked,cutting off the supply of air to that lung.The lung then collapses,and the secretions trapped in the lung spaces become infected,with a resulting pneumonia or the formation of a lung abscess.Such a lung cancer can also spread to cause secondary growths in the lymph nodes of the chest and neck as well as in the brain and other parts of the body.The only treatment that offers a possibility of cure,before secondary growths have had time to form,is to remove the lung completely.This operation is called pneumonectomy.5 Malignant tumors of the stomach,the breast,the prostate gland and other organs may spread to the lungs,causing secondary growths.A primary lung cancer patient may be cured by removing the lung completely______.A:before the cancer cells spread elsewhereB:the more chances of dying of X-ray radiation he will haveC:what is most responsible for lung cancerD:as some people imagineE:the more chances of getting lung cancer he will haveF:which form of lung cancer is a common one
共用题干 第一篇In what may be bad news for bars and pubs,a European research group has found that people drinking alcohol outside of meals have a significantly higher risk of cancer in the mouth and neck than do those taking their libations with food.Luigino Dal Maso and his colleagues studied the drinking pattems of 1 ,500 patients from four cancer studies and another 3,500 adults who had never had cancer.After the researchers accounted for the amount of alcohol consumed,they found that individuals who downed a significant share of their alcohol outside of meals faced at least a 50 to 80 percent risk of cancer in the oral cavity（腔）,pharynx（咽）,and esophagus（食管）,when compared with people who drank only at meals.Consuming alcohol without food also increased by at least 20 percent the likelihood of laryngeal（喉）cancer."Roughly 95 percent of cancers at these four sites traced to smoking or drinking by the study volunteers,"Dal Maso says.The discouraging news,his team reports, is that drinking with meals didn't eliminate cancer risk at any of the sites.For their new analysis,the European scientists divided people in the study into four groups, based on how many drinks they reported having in an average week.The lowest-intake group includ-ed people who averaged up to 20 drinks a week.The highest group reported downing at least 56 servings of alcohol weekly for an average of eight or more per day.Cancer risks for the mouth and neck sites rose steadily with consumption even for people who reported drinking only with meals.For instance,compared with people in the lowest-consumption group,participants who drank 21 to 34 alcohol servings a week at least doubled their cancer risk for all sites other than the laryngeal cancer. If people in these consumption groups took some of those drinks outside meals,those in the higher consumption group at least quadrupled their risk for oral cavity and esophageal cancers.People in the highest-consumption group who drank only with meals had 10 times the risk of oral cancer,7 times the risk of pharyngeal cancer,and 16 times the risk of esophageal cancer compared with those who averaged 20 or fewer drinks a week with meals.In contrast,laryngeal cancer risk in the high-intake,with-meals-only group was only triple that in the low-intake consumers who drank with meals."Alcohol can inflame tissues.Over time,that inflammation can trigger cancer."Dal Maso says.He suspects that food reduced cancer risk either by partially coating digestive-tract tissues or by scrubbing alcohol off those tissues.He speculates that the reason laryngeal risks were dramatically lower for all study participants traces to the tissue's lower exposure to alcohol.Researchers have found that the risk of cancer in the mouth and neck is higher with people_________.A:who drink alcohol outside of mealsB:who drink alcohol at mealsC:who never drink alcoholD:who drink alcohol at bars and pubs
共用题干 Cooking Oil Fumes Cause TumorThe leading cause of lung cancer among women in the city was cooking oil fumes while men are more likely to develop the disease from smoking,said medical experts after a five-year research study.Doctors announced the results yesterday with analysis on some new tendencies in lung cancer. They said patients are younger,especially women.According to the Shanghai Tumor research Institute,more local residents die of lung cancer in the city than anything else.Following breast cancer,it has the second-highest incidence rate.“An unhealthy lifestyle is a very important reason for lung cancer,”said Dr He Yumin from Shanghai Minshen Traditional Chinese Medicine Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Center.He followed 2,276 lung cancer patients for five years.Among them,1,483 were male.Smoking causes 70 percent of cases among men while only 18 percent of female patients developed cancer from smoking or inhaling second-hand smoke,according to the report.However,more than 60 percent of women with the disease had long term,close contact with strong oil fumes from cooking and complained about irritated eyes and throat.About 32 percent of women fried foods in boiling oil in unventilated kitchens and about 25 percent of women's bedrooms were adjacent to the kitchen.However,local women were surprised to learn cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer.Some claimed they may change food preparation methods.“Unless my family and I don't eat at home every day,I must stay in the kitchen to cook,”said Xu Li,a 45-year-old local woman. “I know the fumes are bad for the skin,but it is the first time I heard that it can result in lung cancer. I have already started frying less.”Doctors said women's lung cancer had few links to personal health and physical condition,but was closely related to family cancer history,unhealthy dietary habits and weak immune systems.Other experts agreed with him.“Smoking is by far the biggest cause of lung cancer for men,”said Dr Tan Binyong, honorary president of the Respiratory Disease Institute at Fudan University's Medical College.“It's true that second-hand smoke and cooking fumes are the main causes among women.”His research also warned people not to stand near of stalls selling fried foods due to the poor quality of oils used.The chance of catching lung cancer is three times higher if exposed to the fume for a long time,6 experts said.What a new tendency in lung cancer is concluded by the researchers?A: Men are more likely to develop lung cancer than women.B: Women are more likely to develop lung cancer than men.C: Patients with lung cancer become older,especially males.D: Patients with lung cancer become younger,especially females.
